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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common adverse drug reactions that may seriously threaten the health of children and is receiving increasing clinical attention day by day. There is still no independent diagnosis and treatment guideline for DILI in children, but its clinical features are not completely similar to those in adults. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment progress in order to provide a reference for the management of DILI in children.
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Child , Humans , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Liver/pathology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective@#Report the experience of autologous fat grafting forfacial contouring and rejuvenation patients.@*Methods@#Retrospective analysis the treatment of 450 facial contouring and rejuvenation patients with global optimization autologous fat grafting in Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2011 to December 2017. Using low negative pressure liposuction technical and blunt cannula (diameter 2.5 mm and 2.0 mm), different fat particle was harvested and concentrated by a cotton pad. The one-hole blunt cannula was used for fat grafting with multi tunnel and multi-point and two layer(deep and superficial)injection ways, regularly following up and taking picture for imaging evaluation.@*Results@#All patients were successfully performed with fat grafting. Grafted fat volume was 15-65 ml. There were 132 cases of local skin bruising after operation, which gradually subsided about 2 weeks, no severe complications occurred. 450 patients were followed up for 6-12 months. Facial contour and skin texture were improved without subcutaneous nodules and irregularity. The outcome of all patients were satisfactory. Of a total of 450 patients, 319 (70.89%) were evaluated as very good result, 94 (20.89%) as good result, and 37(8.22%) asregular result.@*Conclusions@#Optimization autologous fat grafting can improve the facial contouring and rejuvenation with little complications and satisfactory results.
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Objective To report our experience of breast augmentation patients with fat grafting.Methods The treatment of 560 patients with fat grafting for breast augmentation was summarized in our hospital from Jan.2011 to Dec.2015.Fat was harvested using low negative pressure liposuction technique with 3-hole blunt cannula (diameter 2.5 mm).The fat was managed using cotton pad for concentration of fat tissue and separating them from fluids,oil,and debris.A diameter 2.5 mm,1-hole blunt cannula was used to place the fat through 3-mm incision on inframammary fold,fat grafting with multi-level and multi-tunnel and multi-point injection ways,regularly taking picture for imaging evaluation.Results All patients were successfully performed with breast augmentation,and no severe complications occurred.Grafted fat volume ranged from 180 to 400 ml (average,235 ml) per breast.Most of women had a significant improvement in their breast size and shape postoperatively,and the breasts were soft and natural in appearance.The patients were followed up for 18-24 months,and the outcome were satisfactory.Conclusions Autologous fat grafting for breast augmentation simplifies the operation procedure with satisfied results (natural breast and body contouring) and avoids the complications of breast prosthetic procedures.
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Objective:To explore the influencing factors of physicians' professionalism,to understand the cognitive status and changes of professional responsibility and put forward the corresponding strategy.Methods:The satisfaction and cognitive status of physicians'professionalism were investigated using the self-designed questionnaire that adapted to medical staff,and the data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS19.0.Results:It showed that the satisfaction with the job itself was quite high.But they thought that the work risk was high,their own value was difficult to realized,and the professionalism was lack of cultivation.Conclusions:It suggests to put forward measures and suggestions from the perspective of system reform,vocational education,hospital culture,social atmosphere,decision-making of doctors and patients together.
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The article briefly reviewed the different perspectives on the definition of medical professionalism and summarized the current status of medical professionalism studies in China and foreign country represented by the United States.In terms of medical moral values , conflict of interest , autonomy and the professionalism training , based on the status quo of physician professionalism in China , some ideas to improve and build medical profession-alism in China are proposed .
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Physical activity (PA) professionals and participants recognize enhanced quality of life (QoL) as a benefit of and motivator for PA. However, QoL measures are often problematic and rarely consider the participants'perspective. This paper focuses on recent findings from a larger project on the role of QoL in PA and health promotion. More specifically, we focus on the views of participants and potential participants to better understand the relationship of PA and QoL. In earlier stages of the project we began with a conceptual model of QoL and developed a survey. We now focus on participants' views and ask two questions: 1) what is QoL? and 2) how does PA relate to QoL? We first asked those questions of a large sample of university students and community participants as open-ended survey items, and then asked focus groups of community participants. Overall, participants' responses reflected the multidimensional, integrative QoL model, but the responses and patterns provided information that may not be picked up with typical survey measures. Findings suggest that PA contributes to multiple aspects of QoL, that social and emotional benefits are primary motivators and outcomes for participants, and that the meaning of QoL and PA benefits is subjective and contextualized, varying across individuals and settings. Programs that directly target and highlight the multiple dimensions and integrative QoL, while considering the individual participants and contexts, may enhance both PA motivation and participants' health and QoL.